How to use the textbook:
1)Look over the 'Note To Students' and the ‘Brief Table of Contents’ to get the ‘big picture’.
You’ll notice that we start with the human cell, move to collections of cells (tissues),
then the different types of tissues in the human body, then the bones, then the
muscles that attach to the bones, then the major internal organ systems of the body.
2)Turn to ‘The Appendices (Appendixes)’ at the back of the book.
Here you’ll find conversions, the answers to selected end-of-chapter questions,
a nice glossary for definitions and pronunciations of new terms, and the alphabetical
index of terms used in our book. You may even want to look over the information inside
the very back cover of the text.
3)Turn to the end of Chapter 1. Notice the ‘Study Outline’.
You should be sure and come back to these after you have read the chapter to self-test
yourself to make sure you have picked up on the major topics and ideas presented in
the chapter. Each one of these is a perfect exam-type question. Just a suggestion, with each new piece of information,
diagram, or paragraph you should stop and turn that information into an exam-like question
(multiple choice or true/false or short answer) and practice thinking of this new information
in different ways, NOT just memorizing it as it appears on the page in the book – Think About It!
Also, I will not ever ask exam or quiz questions on the Clincal Connection topics or aging or development.
4)Specifically for Chapter 1: You may skip over the following:
-Table 1.2 (we will talk about each in great detail later);
-Figure 1.2 (again, we will learn all of this information later on);
-Skip “Medical Imaging” and “Measuring The Human Body”;
5)Be sure and go over and use the sections at the end of each chapter (study outline, review questions, self quiz and critical thinking questions).
6)Specifically for Chapter 2: You may skip over the following:
-In the new 11th edition, skip Meiosis.
Otherwise skip....
Nothing. You will be responsible for knowing everything mentioned and shown in this chapter.
Just take it one component at a time and practice, practice, practice.
-With regards to the sections entitled: “Applications To Health” (in 10th edition)/"Clincal Connection" (in 11th edition) found in every chapter of the book,
you will never be tested on the information included in these sections. But I do strongly
recommend you do read it over, it is very useful and interesting ‘stuff’;
7)Specifically for Chapter 3:
-Look in Chapter 4 to include what the four germ layers become.
-In Chapter 1, you will have to have learned how to identify the components of a human cell,
and those components are most commonly illustrated by line drawings or diagrams, for this
chapter, you will now have to start training your eyes to identify real pictures of real
human cells as they look under a microscope after they have been given color by ‘stains’.
Table 3.1 is beautifully done showing you the real tissue microscopically with a clear diagram
and explanation.
-The same with Tables 3.2 and 3.3: be able to identify these pictures.
-You can however skip 'blood' (we will learn this later);
-You can also skip ‘muscle’ and ‘nervous’ tissues for now.
8)Skip Chapter 4 for now.
-We will not cover this chapter, but it certainly is an interesting one and one that you
should look over on your own;
9)Specifically for Chapter 5:
-Skip nothing in this chapter. You will be responsible for everything covered in this chapter.
10)Specifically for Chapter 6:
-You may skip the list of categories of common bone fractures.
11)Specifically for Chapter 7:
-Skip nothing. I realize at first glance there seems to be way too much information here to
ever learn, but trust me, you will be able to know it all. Be warned: you are responsible
for every structure listed in this chapter even though I may not directly mention it in
lecture or list it on the board. If it’s in the chapter, we have to know it.
12)Specifically for Chapter 8:
-This is just a continuation of chapter 7, so know it all, skip nothing.
13)Specifically for Chapter 9: You may skip over the following:
-Skip ‘types of synovial joints';
-Skip 'selected joints of the body';
-Skip ‘factors affecting contact and range of motion at synovial joints’;
14)Specifically for Chapter 10:
-Skip nothing and remember that muscle is derived from mesoderm.
15)Specifically for Chapter 11:
-You may skip ‘lever systems and leverage';
-You may skip the tables showing 'arrangement of fascicles and characteristics used to name muscles;
-Just look over table 11.2 at first, it is only trying to show you what these new terms
refer to. We will ‘memorize’ each muscle as we go along with this chapter.
-You will be responsible for every muscle and its origin and insertion listed in this chapter except
for the following:
muscles that move the eyeballs (we will cover these later when we talk about
the eye in detail as part of the nervous system);
know only the sternocleidomastoid on
page 311 (10th edition)/ page 334 (11th edition);
intrinsic muscles of the larynx;
all the muscles listed on page 315 in 10th edition/ page 337 in 11th edition;
muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum;
know only the ‘superficial anterior compartment (flexors)’ on page 342 in 10th edition/ page 368 in 11th edition;
know only the ‘superficial posterior compartment (extensors)’ on page 343 in 10th edition/ page 369 in 11th edition;
only know the
terms: thenar, hypothenar, and intermediate (midpalmar);
only know the terms:
iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis;
Know only where anatomically to
identify the ‘scalenes’;
For the muscles of the leg that move the foot and toes, know only tibialis anterior, peroneus longeus,
gastrocnemius and soleus.
-You will not have to know the nervous innervation for any of the muscles.
-Regarding the ‘action’ of each muscle: do NOT memorize this, once you know the origin
and the insertion of the muscle, you can easily deduce it’s action, in other words, if you know
where it connects, you can easily visualize and describe what happens when you contract it.
16)Specifically for Chapter 12:
-I will provide you with a handout with what exactly you will be responsible for in this chapter.
-But do look over all the nice pictures in the chapter, it is all worth knowing since it is all
seen visually on the surface of the body.
17)Specifically for Chapter 13:
-You will need to know everything from this chapter. Skip nothing.
18)Specifically for Chapter 14:
-As with all the chpaters, you may skip the ‘development' section only.
19)Specifically for Chapter 15:
-You will be required to know all the blood vessels listed in this chapter.
-My suggestion is that you only use the arrowed flow charts to help you understand what vessels
branch into what other vessels. Do however learn the names of the vessels by locating them
anatomically on the body.
-Also, I’d suggest that you learn them regionally, that is, learn the arteries and veins of the arm,
then the arteries and veins of the leg, and the head and neck, etc.
-You may skip ‘development'.
20)Specifically for Chapter 16:
-You may skip Exhibits 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4 and 16.5.
-You may skip ‘development'.
21)Specifically for Chapter 17:
-You may skip ‘neuronal circuits’.
22)Specifically for Chapter 18:
-You may skip figure 18.2;
-Understand the ‘idea’ of sensory and motor tracts of the spinal cord. But you do not have
to memorize the specific ones as are shown in figure 18.4 on page 561 (10th edition only);
-Regarding the ‘plexuses’ and Exhibits 18.1-18.4: Only know where to anatomically identify
the cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral plexuses.
-Also, only know that the phrenic nerve is part of the cervical plexus,
that the radial and ulnar nerves are part of the brachial plexus,
that the obturator nerve is part of the lumbar plexus,
and that the sciatic nerve is part of the sacral plexus.
23)Specifically for Chapter 19:
-When looking at the underside of the brain, you will only be responsible to be able to identify
the first three pairs of cranial nerves as they branch from the brain;
-Skip ‘development'.
24)Specifically for Chapter 20:
-You will not be tested on Table 20.3;
25)Specifically for Chapter 21:
-skip Table 21.3;
-skip Table 21.4;
26)Specifically for Chapter 22:
-You will be responsible for everything in this chapter except 'development' and of course 'aging'.
27)Specifically for Chapter 23:
-Skip the ‘pineal gland’ and the ‘thymus gland', including Table 23.9;
-Skip the ‘developmental’ and of course 'aging'.
28):Specifically for Chapter 24:
-Skip Figure 24.10 in 10th edition/ 24.9 in 11th edition;
29)Specifically for Chapter 25:
-Skip nothing except the regulars.
30)Specifically for Chapter 26:
-Skip nothing except the regulars.
31)Specifically for Chapter 27:
-Skip nothing except the regulars.