Handout

(Chem.10)

 

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Final Grade Research Link Study Guide Instructor Info Handout

Sample Exams

Symbol            Name                     Symbol             Name

   H               Hydrogen                      Li                Lithium

  Na                Sodium                        K               Potassium

  Rb              Rubidium                      Cs               Cesium

  Fr                Francium                      Be              Beryllium

  Mg            Magnesium                    Ca                Calcium

  Sr                Strontium                     Ba                Barium

  Ra                Radium                        Sc              Scandium

  Ti               Titanium                        V              Vanadium 

  Cr               Chromium                    Mn            Manganese

  Fe                  Iron                            Co                Cobalt

  Ni                 Nickel                         Cu               Copper

  Ag                 Silver                         Au                Gold

  Zn                   Zinc                          Cd              Cadmium

  Hg                Mercury                       B                  Boron

  Al                Aluminum                    Ga               Gallium

   C                  Carbon                         Si                Silicon

  Ge               Germanium                   Sn                   Tin

  Pb                   Lead                           N                Nitrogen

   P                 Phosphorus                   As                Arsenic

  Sb                 Antimony                     O                 Oxygen

   S                    Sulfur                         Se               Selenium

  Te                 Tellurium                      F                 Fluorine

  Cl                  Chlorine                       Br               Bromine

   I                    Iodine                          At                Astatine

  He                  Helium                        Ne                 Neon

  Ar                   Argon                         Kr                Krypton

  Xe                   Xenon                        Rn                 Radon

        You can use the following handout to answer the nomenclature exercise for your lab.

         report: 

The name of some oxyanions

 

Oxyanion                                  Name

 

NO3-                                         nitrate

NO2-                                         nitrite

CrO4-2                                      chromate

Cr2O7-2                                     dichromate

CO3-2                                        carbonate

HCO3-                                      bicarbonate or hydrogen carbonate

SO4-2                                        sulfate

HSO4-                                       bisulfate or hydrogen sulfate

SO3-2                                        sulfite

HSO3-                                       bisulfite or hydrogen sulfite

PO4-3                                        phosphate

HPO4-2                                     hydrogen phosphate

H2PO4-                                     dihydrogen phosphate

PO3-3                                        phosphite

HPO3-2                                     hydrogen phosphite

H2PO3-                                     dihydrogen phosphite

ClO-                                         hypochlorite

ClO2-                                        chlorite

ClO3-                                        chlorate

ClO4-                                        perchlorate

C2O4-2                                      oxalate

C2H3O2-                                    acetate

BrO-                                         hypobromite

BrO2-                                        bromite

 

Oxyanion                                  Name

BrO3-                                       bromate

BrO4-                                       perbromate

IO-                                           hypoiodite

IO2-                                          iodite

IO3-                                          iodate

IO4-                                          periodate

OH-                                          hydroxide

MnO4-2                                    manganate

MnO4-                                      permanganate

AsO4-3                                     arsenate

HAsO4-2                                   hydrogen arsenate

H2AsO4-                                   dihydrogen arsenate

AsO3-3                                     arsenite

HAsO3-2                                   hydrogen arsenite

H2AsO3-                                   dihydrogen arsenite

 

  The name of some polyatomic anions

  Anion                              Name

CN-                                 cyanide

SCN-                               thiocyanate

 

  The name of some monatomic anions

Anion                    Name

F-                                                 fluoride

Cl-                         chloride                                                 

Br-                         bromide      

I-                                                    iodide

O-2                        oxide

S-2                        sulfide

N-3                        nitride

  The name of some transition elements losing a fixed number of electrons (cations)

  Cation                             Name

Ag+                                          silver

Zn+2                                 zinc

Cd+2                                cadmium

 

  NH4+ : ammonium ion

 

 

Oxidation state (number):

 

Element           ion formed               oxidation state (number)

        H                      H+                                  +1

 

        O                      O-2                             -2

 

1st main group             M+1                                 +1

 

2nd main group             M+2                                 +2

 

3rd main group             M+3                                 +3

 

cadmium                      Cd+2                               +2

 

zinc                                Zn+2                                +2

 

silver                              Ag+                                +1

 

halogens                       X-                                   -1    in binary ionic compounds

(F,Cl,Br,I)

 

   

 

Molecular shapes:

Total electron  group Bonding electron group Lone pair electron Group Arrangement Molecular shape
2 2 0 Linear Linear
3 3

2

 0

1

 Trigonal Planar

 

 Trigonal Planar

Bent or angular
4 4

3

2

 0

1

2

 Tetrahedral Tetrahedral

Trigonal pyramidal

Bent or angular
5 5

4

 

2

3

 0

 

1

3

2

 Trigonal bipyramidal Trigonal bipyrmidal

Distorted tetrahedral (See saw)

 

Linear

T-shape
6 6

5

4

 0

1

2

 Octahedral Octahedral

Square pyramid

Square (planar)